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References

Coronary Artery Revascularization

1. Starling RC, McCarthy PM, Yamini MH: Surgical treatment of chronic congestive heart failure.   In: Mann D, ed. Heart Failure: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease,  Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2003:717-736.

2. Shinkle AFL, Poldermans D, Elhendy A, Bax JJ: Assessment of myocardial viability in patients with heart failure. J Nucl Med  2007; 48:1135.

3. Pocar M, Moneta A, Grossi A, Donatelli F: Coronary artery bypass for heart failure in ischemic cardiomyopathy: 17-year follow-up. Ann Thorac Surg  2007; 83:468.

4. Hillis GS, Zehr KJ, Williams AW, et al: Outcome of patients with low ejection fraction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: Renal function and mortality after 3.8 years. Circulation  2006; 114:I414.

5. Argenziano M, Spotnitz HM, Whang W, et al: Risk stratification for coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: Analysis of the coronary artery bypass grafting patch trial database. Circulation  1999; 100(Suppl II):II119.

6. Hochman JS, Sleeper LA, Webb JG, et al: Early revascularization in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. N Engl J Med  1999; 341:625.

7. Rizzello V, Poldermans D, Boersma E, et al: Opposite patterns of left ventricular remodeling after coronary artery revascularization in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Circulation  2004; 110:2383.

8. Pagano D, Bonser RS, Camici PG: Myocardial revascularization for the treatment of post-ischemic heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol  1999; 14:506.

9. Di Carli MF, Asgarzadie F, Schelbert HR, et al: Quantitative relation between myocardial viability and improvement in heart failure symptoms after revascularization in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Circulation  1995; 92:3436.

10. O’Connor CM, Velazquez EJ, Gardner LH, et al: Comparison of coronary artery bypass grafting versus medical therapy on long-term outcome in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy: A 25-year experience from the Duke Cardiovascular Disease Databank. Am J Cardiol  2002; 90:101.

11. Allman KC, Shaw LJ, Hachamovitch R, et al: Myocardial viability testing and impact of revascularization on prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction: A meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol  2002; 39:1151.

12. Kleikamp G, Maleszka A, Reiss N, et al: Determinants of mid and long-term results in patients after surgical revascularization for ischemic cardiomyopathy. Ann Thorac Surg  2003; 75:1406.

13. Elefteriades J, Edwards R: Coronary bypass in left heart failure. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg  2002; 14:125.

14. Carnici PG, Prasad SK, Rinoldi OE: Stunning, hibernation, and assessment of myocardial viability. Circulation  2008; 117:103.

15. Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, et al: ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): Developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation  2005; 112:e154.

16. Eagle KA, Guyton RA, Davidoff R, et al: ACC/AHA guidelines for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Executive summary and recommendations: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to revise the 1991 guidelines for coronary artery bypass graft surgery). Circulation  1999; 100:1464.

17. Jones RH, Velazquez EJ, Michler RE, et al: STICH Hypothesis 2 Investigators: Coronary bypass surgery with or without surgical ventricular reconstruction. N Engl J Med  2009; 360:1705.


Valve Surgery in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction

18. Trichon BH, Felker GM, Shaw LK, et al: Relation of frequency and severity of mitral regurgitation to survival among patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure. Am J Cardiol  2003; 91:538.

19. Bach DS, Bolling SF: Improvement following correction of secondary mitral regurgitation in end-stage cardiomyopathy with mitral annuloplasty. Am J Cardiol  1996; 78:966.

20. Tibayan FA, Rodriguez F, Langer F, et al: Undersized mitral annuloplasty alters left ventricular shape during acute ischemic mitral regurgitation. Circulation  2004; 110:II98.

21. Bishay ES, McCarthy PM, Cosgrove DM, et al: Mitral valve surgery in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg  2000; 17:213.

22. Acker MA, Bolling S, Shemin R, et al: Mitral valve surgery in heart failure: Insights from the Acorn clinical trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg  2006; 132:568.

23.  Acker MA, Jessup M, Bolling SF, et al: Mitral valve repair in heart failure: 5-year follow-up from the MVR Stratum of the Acorn Randomized Trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg (In press).

24. Braun J, van de Veire NR, Klautz RJM, et al: Restrictive mitral annuloplasty cures ischemic mitral regurgitation and heart failure. Ann Thorac Surg  2008; 85:430.

25. Fattouch K, Guccione F, Sampognaro R, et al: Efficacy of adding mitral valve restrictive annuloplasty to coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with moderate ischemic mitral valve regurgitation: A randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg  2009; 138:278.

26. Westenberg JJ, van der Geest RJ, Lamb HL, et al: MRI to evaluate left atrial and ventricular reverse remodeling after restrictive mitral annuloplasty in dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation  2005; 112(Suppl):I437.

27. Miller DC: Ischemic mitral regurgitation redux—to repair or to replace?. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg  2001; 122:1059.

28. McGee EC, Gillinov AM, Blackstone EH, et al: Recurrent mitral regurgitation after annuloplasty for functional ischemic MR. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg  2004; 128:916.

29. Mihaljevic T, Lam BK, Rajeswaran J, et al: Impact of mitral valve annuloplasty combined with revascularization in patients with functional ischemic MR. J Am Coll Cardiol  2007; 49:2191.

30. Spoor MT, Geltz A, Bolling SF: Flexible versus nonflexible mitral valve rings for congestive heart failure: Differential durability of repair. Circlation  2006; 114(Suppl 1):I67.

31. Wu AH, Aaronson KD, Bolling SF, et al: Impact of mitral valve annuloplasty on mortality risk in patients with mitral regurgitation and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol  2005; 45:381.

32. Pereira JJ, Lauer MS, Bashir M, et al: Survival after aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis with low transvalvular gradients and severe left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol  2002; 39:1356.

33. Varadarajan P, Kapoor N, Bansal RC, et al: Clinical profile and natural history of 453 nonsurgically managed patients with severe aortic stenosis. Ann Thorac Surg  2006; 82:2111.

34. Quere JP, Monin JL, Levy F, et al: Influence of preoperative left ventricular contractile reserve on postoperative ejection fraction in low-gradient aortic stenosis. Circulation  2006; 113:1738.

35. Bhudia SK, McCarthy PM, Kumpati GS, et al: Improved outcomes after aortic valve surgery for chronic aortic regurgitation with severe left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol  2007; 49:1465.

36. McCarthy PM: Valve surgery for patients with left ventricular dysfunction.   In: Young J, McCarthy PM, ed. Heart Failure: A Combined Medical and Surgical Approach,  Malden, Mass: Blackwell Futura; 2006:153-173.

37. Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Chatterjee K, et al: ACC/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing Committee to Revise the 1998 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease) developed in collaboration with the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists; endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol  2006; 48:e1.


Left Ventricular Reconstruction

38. Mann DL: Mechanisms and models in heart failure: A combinatorial approach. Circulation  1999; 100:999.

39. McCarthy PM, McGee EC: Ventricular reconstruction and device therapies for cardiomyopathy patients.   In: Young J, McCarthy PM, ed. Heart Failure: A Combined Medical and Surgical Approach,  Malden, Mass: Blackwell Futura; 2006:174-191.

40. Athanasuleas CL, Buckberg GD, Stanley AW, et al: Surgical ventricular restoration in the treatment of congestive heart failure caused by post-infarction ventricular dilation. J Am Coll Cardiol  2004; 44:1439.

41. Artrip JH, Oz MC, Burkhoff D: Left ventricular volume reduction surgery for heart failure: A physiologic perspective. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg  2001; 122:775.

42. Tulner SA, Steendijk P, Klautz RJ, et al: Surgical ventricular restoration in patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: Evaluation of systolic and diastolic ventricular function, wall stress, dyssynchrony and mechanical efficiency by pressure-volume loop. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg  2006; 132:610.

43. Athanasuleas CL, Buckberg GD, Conte JV, et al: Surgical ventricular reconstruction. N Engl J Med  2009; 361:529.author reply 531-532

44. Athanasuleas CL, Buckberg GD, Menicanti L, Ghasib Mthe RESTORE Group: Optimizing ventricular shape in anterior restoration. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surgery  2001; 13:459.


Passive Cardiac Support Devices

45. Starling RC, Jessup M, Oh JK, et al: Sustained benefits of the CorCap Cardiac Support Device on left ventricular remodeling: Three year follow-up results from the Acorn clinical trial. Ann Thorac Surg  2007; 84:1236.

46. Mann DL, Acker MA, Jessup M, et al: Clinical evaluation of the CorCap Cardiac Support Device in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Ann Thorac Surg  2007; 84:1226.


Cardiac Transplantation

47. Stevenson LW, Pagani FD, Young JB, et al: INTERMACS profiles of advanced heart failure: The current picture. J Heart Lung Transplant  2009; 28:535.

48. Mehra MR, Kobashigawa J, Starling R, et al: Listing criteria for heart transplantation: International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation guidelines for the care of cardiac transplant candidates—2006. J Heart Lung Transplant  2006; 25:1024.

49. Simmonds J, Burch M, Dawkins H, et al: Heart transplantation after congenital heart surgery: Improving results and future goals. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg  2008; 34:313.

50. Goldberg LR, Jessup M: A time to be born and a time to die. Circulation  2007; 116:360.

51. Levy WC, Mozaffarian D, Linker DT, et al: Can the Seattle heart failure model be used to risk-stratify heart failure patients for potential left ventricular assist device therapy?. J Heart Lung Transplant  2009; 28:231.

52. Lund LH, Aaronson KD, Mancini DM, et al: Validation of peak exercise oxygen consumption and the Heart Failure Survival Score for serial risk stratification in advanced heart failure. Am J Cardiol  2005; 95:734.

53. Klotz S, Wenzelburger F, Stypmann J, et al: Reversible pulmonary hypertension in heart transplant candidates: To transplant or not to transplant. Ann Thorac Surg  2006; 82:1770.

54. Kobashigawa J, Mehra M, West L, et al: Report from a consensus conference on the sensitized patient awaiting heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant  2009; 28:213.

55. Grande AM, Gaeta R, Campana C, et al: Comparison of standard and bicaval approach in orthotopic heart transplantation: 10-year follow-up. J Cardiovasc Med  2008; 9:493.

56. Ramakrishna H, Jaroszewski DE, Arabia FA: Adult cardiac transplantation: A review of perioperative management Part-I. Ann Card Anaesth  2009; 12:71.

57. Lindenfeld J, Miller GG, Shakar SF, et al: Drug therapy in the heart transplant recipient: Part I: Cardiac rejection and immunosuppressive drugs. Circulation  2004; 110:3734.

58. Flechner SM, Kobashigawa J, Klintmalm G: Calcineurin inhibitor–sparing regimens in solid organ transplantation: Focus on improving renal function and nephrotoxicity. Clin Transplant  2008; 22:1.

59. Kobashigawa JA, Miller LW, Russell SD, et al: Tacrolimus with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or sirolimus vs. cyclosporine with MMF in cardiac transplant patients: 1-year report. Am J Transplant  2006; 6:1377.

60. Raichlin E, Bae JH, Khalpey Z, et al: Conversion to sirolimus as primary immunosuppression attenuates the progression of allograft vasculopathy after cardiac transplantation. Circulation  2007; 116:2726.

61. Sanchez-Fructuoso AI: Everolimus: An update on the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and recent clinical trials. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol  2008; 4:807.

62. Groetzner J, Kaczmarek I, Schulz U, et al: Mycophenolate and sirolimus as calcineurin inhibitor–free immunosuppression improves renal function better than calcineurin inhibitor–reduction in late cardiac transplant recipients with chronic renal failure. Transplantation  2009; 87:726.

63. Rothenburger M, Zuckermann A, Bara C, et al: Recommendations for the use of everolimus (Certican) in heart transplantation: Results from the second German-Austrian Certican Consensus Conference. J Heart Lung Transplant  2007; 26:305.

64. Singh N, Pirsch J, Samaniego M: Antibody-mediated rejection: Treatment alternatives and outcomes. Transplant Rev  2009; 23:34.

65. Stewart S, Winters GL, Fishbein MC, et al: Revision of the 1990 working formulation for the standardization of nomenclature in the diagnosis of heart rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant  2005; 24:1710.

66. Kobashigawa JA, Starling RC, Mehra MR, et al: Multicenter retrospective analysis of cardiovascular risk factors affecting long-term outcome of de novo cardiac transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant  2006; 25:1063.

67. Taylor DO, Edwards LB, Boucek MM, et al: Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Twenty-second official adult heart transplant report—2005. J Heart Lung Transplant  2005; 24:945.

68. Jessup M, Brozena S: State-of-the-art strategies for immunosuppression. Curr Opin Organ Transplant  2007; 12:536.

69. Hertz MI, Aurora P, Christie JD, et al: Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: A quarter century of thoracic transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant  2008; 27:937.

70. Russo MJ, Chen JM, Hong KN, et al: Survival after heart transplantation is not diminished among recipients with uncomplicated diabetes mellitus: An analysis of the United Network of Organ Sharing database. Circulation  2006; 114:2280.

71. Ye F, Ying-Bin X, Yu-Guo W, et al: Tacrolimus versus cyclosporine microemulsion for heart transplant recipients: A meta-analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant  2009; 28:58.

72. Lonze BE, Warren DS, Stewart ZA, et al: Kidney transplantation in previous heart or lung recipients. Am J Transplant  2009; 9:578.

73. Gonzalez-Vilchez F, de Prada JA, Exposito V, et al: Avoidance of calcineurin inhibitors with use of proliferation signal inhibitors in de novo heart transplantation with renal failure. J Heart Lung Transplant  2008; 27:1135.

74. Wu AH, Ballantyne CM, Short BC, et al: Statin use and risks of death or fatal rejection in the Heart Transplant Lipid Registry. Am J Cardiol  2005; 95:367.

75. Schmauss D, Weis M, Schmauss D, Weis M: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy: Recent developments. Circulation  2008; 117:2131.

76. Kobashigawa JA, Tobis JM, Starling RC, et al: Multicenter intravascular ultrasound validation study among heart transplant recipients: Outcomes after five years. J Am Coll Cardiol  2005; 45:1532.

77. Bacal F, Moreira L, Souza G, et al: Dobutamine stress echocardiography predicts cardiac events or death in asymptomatic patients long-term after heart transplantation: 4-year prospective evaluation. J Heart Lung Transplant  2004; 23:1238.

78. Delgado JF, Manito N, Segovia J, et al: The use of proliferation signal inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of allograft vasculopathy in heart transplantation. Transplant Rev  2009; 23:69.

79. Roussel JC, Baron O, Perigaud C, et al: Outcome of heart transplants 15 to 20 years ago: Graft survival, post-transplant morbidity, and risk factors for mortality. J Heart Lung Transplant  2008; 27:486.

80. Tjang YS, van der Heijden GJ, Tenderich G, et al: Survival analysis in heart transplantation: Results from an analysis of 1290 cases in a single center. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg  2008; 33:856.

81. Weiss ES, Nwakanma LU, Patel ND, et al: Outcomes in patients older than 60 years of age undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation: An analysis of the UNOS database. J Heart Lung Transplant  2008; 27:184.

82. Grady KL, Naftel DC, Young JB, et al: Patterns and predictors of physical functional disability at 5 to 10 years after heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant  2007; 26:1182.

83. Haykowsky M, Taylor D, Kim D, et al: Exercise training improves aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle function in heart transplant recipients. Am J Transplant  2009; 9:734.