/Thyroid Regulatory Factors/ - Endocrinology: Expert Consult

Chapter 74 – Thyroid Regulatory Factors

Jacques E. Dumont,
Carine Maenhaut,
Daniel Christophe,
Gilbert Vassart,
Pierre P. Roger

Thyroid Regulatory Factors

		In Physiology
		In Pathology

Regulatory Cascades

		The Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Cascade
		The Calcium–Inositol 1,4,5-Triphosphate Cascade
		Other Phospholipid-Linked Cascades
		Regulatory Cascades Controlled by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
		Cross-Signaling Between the Cascades

Specific Control by Iodide

The Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor

		Structure of the Protein
		The TSH Receptor Gene
		Functional Aspects

Control of Thyroid Function

		Thyroid Hormone Synthesis
		Thyroid Hormone Secretion

Control of Thyroid-Specific Gene Expression

		Thyroglobulin
		Thyroperoxidase
		Sodium/Iodide Symporter
		Thyrotropin Receptor
		Thyroid Oxidases

Control of Growth and Differentiation

		Thyroid Cell Turnover
		The Mitogenic Cascades
		Proliferation and Differentiation

Four major biological variables are regulated in the thyrocyte as in any other cell type: function, cell size, cell number, and differentiation. The …