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Chapter 18 – Disorders of Prolactin Secretion and Prolactinomas

Marcello D. Bronstein

  History
  Epidemiology
  Pathogenesis
  Pathology
  Acidophil Stem Cell Adenoma
  Nontumoral Lesions Associated With Hyperprolactinemia
  Pituitary Prolactin-Secreting Carcinomas

  Differential Diagnosis of Hyperprolactinemia
  Physiologic Hyperprolactinemia
  Pharmacologic Hyperprolactinemia
  Pathologic Hyperprolactinemia

  Diagnosis of Prolactinomas
  Clinical Features
  Laboratory Evaluation
  Imaging

  Treatment
  Surgical Therapy
  Medical Therapy
  Radiotherapy
  Therapeutic Perspectives
  Prolactinomas and Pregnancy
  Treatment Planning and Follow-up

Nongestational/puerperal prolactin (PRL) hypersecretion is the most prevalent hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, and its main cause is PRL-secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas). Prolactinomas are the most common pituitary tumors, with an estimated prevalence of 500 cases/1 million inhabitants.[1]These tumors are classified either as microadenomas (diameter <10 mm) or macroadenomas (>10 mm) and can be enclosed, …