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Chapter 3 – Epidemiology of Disease in the Tropics

Nandini P. Shetty,
Prakash S. Shetty

Ingenuity, knowledge, and organization alter but cannot cancel humanity's vulnerability to invasion by parasitic forms of life. Infectious disease which antedated the emergence of humankind will last as long as humanity itself, and will surely remain, as it has been hitherto, one of the fundamental parameters and determinants of human history. (William H. McNeill in Plagues and Peoples, 1976)

INTRODUCTION

The study of epidemiology in the tropics has undergone major changes since its infancy when it was largely a documentation of epidemics. It has now evolved into a dynamic phenomenon involving the ecology of the infectious agent, the host, reservoirs and vectors as well as the complex mechanisms concerned in the spread of infection and the extent to which this spread occurs.[1]Similar concepts in the study of epidemiology apply to communicable as well as non-communicable diseases. The understanding of …