Corneal transplantation is the most common and successful form of human solid-tissue transplantation, which is widely practiced as a sight-restorative therapy for patients with congenital or acquired corneal opacification, infection, or damage (Box 8.1). The major indications for this procedure include keratoconus (corneal thinning and warping which cause visual distortion), bullous keratopathy (corneal edema, which is both painful and reduces visual acuity), failed previous grafts, corneal scarring, corneal dystrophy, and infection.^[1]Currently, the most common form of corneal transplantation is “penetrating,” which is the engraftment of a full-thickness corneal button. However, partial-thickness grafts or “lamellar” transplantation is also performed in a significant number of patients. Outcomes of corneal transplantation are typically excellent; 2-year graft rejection rates are approximately 10% …